Skip to content

GPCA — Stakeholders and Concerns

ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010 starts an architecture description with the people it has to satisfy and what each of them needs to be convinced of. Everything downstream — viewpoints, views, documents — exists to answer a concern held by someone on this page.

Stakeholders in the model

MEMO records the reviewing audience on the viewpoint (audience), and the people and roles in the clinical world as model elements. The two are different populations and it is worth keeping them apart.

Reviewing audience

These are the AudienceKind values the GPCA viewpoints declare. Each one is a role that reads the model and signs something.

Audience Reads GPCA through
System architect Context, Operational, Functional, Logical, Requirements
Safety engineer Risk
Software architect Software
Hardware engineer Physical
Security engineer Cybersecurity
Verification engineer Verification
Regulatory engineer Requirements
Project lead Operational

Clinical actors

These are modelled elements in gpca_context.sysml, not reviewers — they appear inside the views:

Actor Role in therapy
actorPatient Requests boluses within programmed limits
actorNurse Programs, starts, and monitors therapy; responds to alarms
actorPrescriber Sets the prescription the pump enforces
actorPharmacist Prepares and verifies the drug container
actorTechnician Services and configures the device

The model also names the intended use (gpcaIntendedUse), the use context (hospitalWardContext), and — importantly for IEC 62366 — the use errors and foreseeable misuse it must survive: ueBolusByProxy, ueMisprogrammedRate, ueWrongDrugLoaded, ueAlarmDisregard, and bolusByProxyMisuse.

Bolus-by-proxy is modelled twice on purpose

It appears as a use error and as a reasonably foreseeable misuse. The first drives usability engineering; the second drives risk analysis. They are different obligations under different standards, so MEMO keeps them as separate elements rather than one shared "hazard".

Concerns

MEMO's ConcernKind is the vocabulary a viewpoint uses to declare what it frames. The concerns exercised in GPCA:

Concern The question it stands for Framed by
Safety Can the device harm the patient, and where is that bounded? Context, Functional, Logical, Requirements, Risk, Software, Cybersecurity
Regulatory Can we show a reviewer the obligation is met? Requirements, Risk, Verification
Performance Does it do the job well enough to be clinically useful? Operational, Functional, Logical
Interoperability Does it behave correctly with what it is connected to? Context, Operational, Physical
Reliability Does it keep working over its service life? Physical, Software
Cybersecurity Can it be made to misbehave by an attacker? Cybersecurity
Privacy Is patient data protected? Cybersecurity
Usability Will a tired clinician use it correctly? Usability
Clinical Is the clinical rationale sound? Clinical

Reading the coverage

The chain to check is: every concern is framed by at least one viewpoint, and every viewpoint has a declared audience. Two observations from the model as it stands:

  • Safety is framed by seven of the ten viewpoints in use. That is expected for an infusion pump — it is the concern the device exists to bound.
  • Usability and Clinical are declared as concerns and have viewpoints defined in the ontology, but GPCA's diagram views do not currently name those viewpoints. Their content reaches reviewers through the document views instead — the Usability Engineering File is assembled from document_usability_view. This is a real gap in the diagram-level conformance chain, and it is stated here rather than smoothed over.

Continue to Viewpoints.